日本服务机器人:“产学官”协同创新实践模式研究

Japan’s service robots: A study on the practical mode of “Industry-government-university” cooperative innovation

摘要:

服务机器人产业作为“机器人王国”日本的战略性新兴产业,一直拥有着强劲的国际竞争力。该文以下一代日本服务机器人核心技术RT中间件为例,构建“产学官”协同创新模型,考察了日本发展下一代服务机器人的知识创造、技术创新及培养人才的创新实践。研究表明：(1)日本在发展下一代服务机器人时在产品设计上选择模块化产品架构。(2)NEDO为RT中间件的研发打造了一个开放性创新平台,平台整合了“产、学、官”的相关知识,通过“产学官”协同创新模式研发出核心技术RT中间件。(3)在知识的转移方面,NEDO采取了RT中间件源代码的开放和标准化策略,进而推进国内外市场的应用。(4)人才的培育也是日本服务机器人“产学官”协同创新模式的一个重要组成部分。鉴于中国机器人产业“高端产业低端化”的现状,结合日本培育服务机器人的产业经验,该文对中国服务机器人产业的发展提出：(1)重构机器人产业创新平台、(2)加强人才的培育,将其纳入机器人产业创新平台的构建。

Abstract:

Service robot industry is a strategic emerging industry for Japan which is known as the kingdom of robots. Japan’s service robots are very competitive all over the world. Taking the next generation of service robots’ core technology RT middleware as an example, this paper investigates the innovative practices of Japan’s knowledge creation, technological innovation and talent development for the next generation of service robots by constructing the model of “industry-government-university” cooperative innovation. The research shows: (1)During the development of the next generation of service robots, Japan chose the modular product architecture in the design.(2) NEDO created an open innovation platform for the research of the RT middleware. This platform integrated lots of relevant knowledge from industries, government and universities. NEDO created the RT middleware by the model of “industry-government-university cooperative Innovation”.(3)In the transfer of knowledge, NEDO took the open and standardized strategy in order to promote the RT middleware in domestic and foreign markets.(4)The cultivation of talents is also a very important part of the model of “industry-government-university cooperative Innovation”. But our robot industry which is called an advanced industry in China fell into a low-end situation. In view of this circumstance, combining with Japan"s innovative experiences in developing the service robot industry, this paper gives two suggestions to our robot industry: (1) reconstructing the robot industry innovation platform,(2)strengthening the cultivation of talent and taking it as a part of reconstructing the robot industry innovation platform.