作为后发国家,中国的专利制度主要通过四种作用机制来促进技术进步：提供技术知识实现逆向工程,提供知识产权保护促进技术交易,提供技术信息实现模仿创新,提供专利信号完成创新资源在公共研究部门的配置。本文在主观博弈论的分析框架下,解析这四种机制的实现过程,研究认为：专利制度可以看成是人们主观博弈均衡的信息浓缩,当参与者的自身条件,所处的外部环境和对专利制度的认知发生变化时,参与者的主观博弈的形式和均衡结果也会改变,进而影响专利制度功能的发挥。因此,主观博弈论不仅可以解释中国企业利用专利制度提高自身技术进步的实现方式,还可以揭示出专利制度形成和演进的机理。

China"s patent system mainly through four mechanisms to promote technological progress, that is, to encourage reverse engineering, promote technological transactions, to achieve the completion of the allocation of resources in the public research and development department. This paper attempts to use subjective game theory analysis framework to analysis the four mechanisms of implementation. The study shows that the patent system can be regarded as people subjective game equilibrium concentration of information, when the participant"s own condition and the external environment and the patent system of cognitive change, subjective game participants form and the equilibrium results will change, and affect the function of the patent system to play. Therefore, the subjective game theory can not only explain the way that Chinese companies use the patent system to improve their technological progress, but also reveal the mechanism of the formation and evolution of the patent system.

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教育部人文社会科学研究青年“专利、风险资本融资与创新创业绩效理论、实证与应用”(16YJC790075);天津市哲学社会科学规划资助项目：“京津冀生产性服务业与制造业协同：机制、因素与路径”（TJYYQN17-007）