乡村振兴战略下考虑生态环境效应的区域农业创新系统效率研究

The Innovation System Efficiency of Regional Agriculture and the Driving Factors Considering Eco- environmental Effects under Rural Revitalization Strategy

摘要:

党的十九大报告提出乡村振兴战略,坚持农村农业优先发展,第二轮土地承包到期后再延长三十年。我国农业发展根本出路在于科技创新,农村经济必须依靠创新驱动与内生增长,也要更加合理地利用农业资源与保护农业生态环境。考虑到农业发展的生态环境效应,研究选取2009年到2015年我国31个省市区的面板数据,采用SE-SBM模型对区域农业创新系统效率进行测度,并分别从纯技术效率、规模效率、超效率进行评价,采用Tobit模型对区域创新系统效率的驱动因素进行估计分析,研究结果表明：区域农业创新系统效率虽有波动,但总体呈现出上升的趋势,东中西区域效率差异较为明显,纯技术效率是制约区域农业创新系统效率不断提升的主要因素；地区经济发展水平、基础教育水平与农业创新系统效率有显著的关系,而城镇化水平、金融环境与产业结构均对农业创新系统的影响并不显著。据此,研究提出应因地制宜地制定农业创新系统政策,加强农村的基础教育与职业教育,建立绿色农业创新系统,加大农业科技资金投入与完善农业创新金融环境等。

Abstract:

The Rural Revitalization Strategy has been proposed in The 19th CPC Congress Report. Under this strategy, we must continue to give priority to rural agriculture and we will extend the land contract for another thirty years when the second round expires. The fundamental solution of agriculture development lies in technological innovation, and rural economy must rely on innovation-driven and endogenous growth. However, we should utilize agricultural resources and protect agricultural ecological environment more reasonably. Considering ecological environmental effects, the research selects the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2009 to 2015, and measures the efficiency of regional agricultural innovation system adopting SE-SBM model. We will evaluate the pure technology efficiency, scale efficiency, super efficiency respectively. Then we will estimate the driving factors of regional agricultural innovation system applying the Tobit model. The research result shows that, the efficiency of agricultural innovation system has increased generally with a little fluctuation in all areas. The regional system efficiency varies among east-central-west regions, and the pure technical efficiencySis the main factor what restricts the system efficiency. The regional economic level and basic education level have the significant relationship with the efficiency of regional agricultural innovation system. However, the urbanization level, financial environment and industrial structure haven’t significant impact on the agricultural innovation system. Therefore, the study puts forward that, we should formulate policies for agricultural innovation systems according to local various conditions and strengthen the rural base education and education. We also should build the green agricultural innovation system, increase investment in agricultural science technology and improve the financial environment of agricultural innovation.