中国高校科技成果转化效率及路径优化研究

Research on transformation efficiency and path optimization of scientific and technological achievements in Chinese universities

摘要:

本文基于2008-2016年中国高校的微观面板数据，首先通过网络DEA模型对其科技成果转化效率进行测度分析；在此基础上基于创新生态系统的视角，构建动态面板GMM差分模型实证检验中国高校科技成果转化效率的影响因素，研究结果表明：（1）中国高校科技成果转化效率处于较低水平，受政策影响较大；东部地区高校科技成果转化效率显著高于中西部地区高校，且中西部高校科技成果转化效率无追赶东部地区高校的趋势。（2）政府资金对高校科技成果转化效率提高有显著的促进作用，且2012年以前更为显著；企业资金对高校科技成果转化效率的影响在2008-2012年不显著，在2012-2016年有显著正向影响；其他资金对高校科技成果转化效率有不显著的负向影响。（3）高级职称人员显著促进高校科技成果转化效率，科技成果获奖情况难以实现高校科技成果转化效率的提高，2012年以来中国奖励评价机制有了一定改善。

Abstract:

This article is based on 2008-2016 micro panel data of Chinese colleges and universities, the first through the network DEA model to measure the efficiency of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and respectively from the Angle of time and space efficiency are analyzed; On this basis, based on the perspective of innovation ecosystem, building dynamic panel GMM difference model is empirically the influence factors of efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in China, the research results show that: (1) the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities efficiency at low levels, are greatly influenced by policy, the eastern region had a significantly higher conversion efficiency of scientific and technological achievements conversion efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in the Midwest, and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities in the Midwest efficiency without the pursuit of the trend of the eastern region. (2) the government's financial support has significantly promoted the improvement of the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities, and it is more significant by 2012; The influence of enterprise source capital on the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities was not significant in 2008-2012, and there was a significant positive influence in 2012-2016. Other sources of funds have no significant negative influence on the transformation efficiency of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities. (3) senior title of professional personnel significantly promote the efficiency of scientific and technological achievements, science and technology achievement awards is difficult to realize the conversion efficiency of scientific and technological achievements, reward assessment mechanism in China since 2012 had certain improvement.