市场改革视角下我国高新技术企业利润效率研究

Research on the Profit Efficiencies of China’s High-tech Enterprises based on Market Reform

摘要:

通过构建基于一步法的随机利润效率前沿模型，对深圳近五年的高新技术企业的利润效率进行实证分析，并检验其影响因素，为全国乃至全球高新技术企业的发展提供借鉴。统计结果发现：深圳市高新技术企业平均利润效率呈现逐年递减特征，且行业间的效率差异有逐年缩小的趋势；相对于外资高新技术企业，内资高新技术企业的平均利润效率有显著改善。同时，回归结果表明：相对于非民营高新技术企业，民营高新技术企业的利润效率更低；从影响因素看，加快市场改革深度、提升开放程度以及外部环境的改善均有利于深圳市高新技术企业利润效率的提升；市场竞争程度的提高对利润效率有显著抑制作用，这一结果的原因可能是深圳高新技术企业未形成规模经济效应、呈现经济效益递减的特征。

Abstract:

By constructing a one-step stochastic profit frontier model, we carry on empirical analysis to the profit efficiencies of high-tech enterprises in Shenzhen in past five years and test the influencing factors, to provide reference for the development of high-tech enterprises in China and even in the world. The statistical result shows that: The average profit efficiencies of high-tech enterprises in Shenzhen decline year by year, and the efficiency differences among subindustries also decrease year by year; Domestic-funded high-tech enterprises are more significantly improved in average profit efficiency than foreign-funded enterprises. At the same time, the regression result shows that private-owned high-tech enterprises’ profit efficiencies are lower when compared with non-private high-tech enterprises. For high-tech enterprises in Shenzhen, as to the influencing factors, accelerating the depth of market reform, enhancing the degree of openness and improving the external environment are all conducive to the improvement of profit efficiencies; Increasing market competition has a significant inhibitory effect on profit efficiency, and the reason for this result may be that high-tech enterprises in Shenzhen have not formed economies of scale and have a phenomenon of declining economy.