面对需求的多变性、技术的复杂性和资源的有限性,单个企业结成网络进行合作研发已成为企业获取竞争力的必然途径。然而,动态的外部环境与复杂的内部结构使得研发网络具有一定脆弱性,严重影响了研发网络的可持续发展。本文基于研发网络脆弱性的概念、脆弱性的表现特征和构成因素,从外部环境、内部结构、成员关系、网络治理能力、风险应对能力五个方面构建了研发网络脆弱性的评价指标体系,采用基于序关系-变异系数的主客观组合赋权法确定评价指标权重,通过引入正态云模型提出了基于云模型的研发网络脆弱性评价方法。通过对Z生物医药研发网络的脆弱性进行评价分析,识别出了成员间产品竞争程度和风险规避能力两个关键脆弱因素,进而提出了相应的对策与建议。该研究对于降低研发合作风险、减少经济损失具有一定的实践意义和指导作用。

Faced with the variety of market demands, the complexity of technology and the limitation of resources, it is inevitable for individual firm to build R&D network composed with cooperation relationships to gain competitiveness. However, R&D network has some vulnerability due to dynamic external environment and complex internal structure, which seriously influences the sustainable development of R&D network. Based on the concept of R&D network vulnerability and the performance characteristics and components of vulnerability, The the vulnerability evaluation index system of R&D network is constructed from five aspects: the external environmental, the structural instability, the network relationship, the network governance ability, and the risk coping response ability. A blend of order relation analysis and variable coefficient method is employed to determine the weight of evaluation index. Finally, the evaluation approach of R&D network vulnerability is developed based on cloud model through introducing normal cloud model. The vulnerability of a Z biomedical R&D network is evaluated and analyzed. Two key factors of vulnerability (i.e. the competition degree between products and the ability of risk aversion) are identified. And then the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. This research has certain practical significance and guiding role in reducing R&D cooperation risks and economic losses.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目“相继失效视角下基于风险传播模型的研发网络脆弱性研究”(71471146)；国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目“相互关联研发网络上风险级联传播建模及控制方法研究”(71501158)