军民融合“隐形冠军”企业创新：动因、形式与组织

The innovation of "Hidden Champions" enterprises with civil-military integration: Motivation, form and organization

摘要:

近年来,越来越多的中国“隐形冠军”企业在各个领域占据市场领先地位。随着军民融合发展战略的持续深入,逐渐涌现出一些军民融合“隐形冠军”企业。本文首先给出军民融合“隐形冠军”企业的定义和判别标准,然后结合实际案例对军民融合“隐形冠军”企业创新的动因、形式和组织进行了研究。研究发现：军民融合“隐形冠军”企业为军队和民用需求而创新,有时也因创新而开拓新的市场需求；军民融合“隐形冠军”企业创新通常是连续不断的、多元化的,不仅是持续的军民两用技术创新,还有非技术创新如商业操作模式创新；军民融合“隐形冠军”企业注重生产经营效率,建立对接需求方和技术方的公关部门,同时还拥有鼓励职工创新的企业文化。为了解决当前我国军民融合“隐形冠军”企业数量较少且市场竞争力不足等问题,本文建议政府应健全军民融合中小企业发展的创新制度环境、完善军民两用技术知识产权的保护法规、打破军民融合产学研结合的政策壁垒,军民融合“隐形冠军”企业应强化自身“问题解决商”的定位,努力构筑“人人创新”的组织文化。

Abstract:

Recently, more and more Chinese "Hidden Champions" enterprises occupy the market leading position in various fields. With the continuous deepening of the development strategy of military and civilian integration, a number of "Hidden Champions" enterprises with civil-military integration emerged. This paper firstly presents the definition and discriminant criteria of civil-military integration "Hidden Champions" enterprise, and then researches the motivation, form and organization of "Hidden Champions" enterprise innovation through some cases. The study finds that "Hidden Champions" enterprises with military and civilian integration are innovative for both military and civilian needs, and sometimes exploit new market demand for innovation. "Hidden Champions" enterprise innovation is usually continuous and diversified in not only continuous dual-use technology, but also non-technology, such as business operation mode. In addition, these corporations focus on the production and operation efficiency, establish the public relations department of the demander and the technical side, and also have the enterprise culture that encourages the workers to innovate. In order to solve the questions of fewer "Hidden Champions" enterprises and insufficient market competitiveness, this article suggests that the government should improve the environment of innovation system to civil-military integration, perfect laws and regulations of intellectual property protection to the dual-use technology innovation, break the barrier of university-industry cooperation. What’s more, "Hidden Champions" enterprises with civil-military integration should strengthen their own problem solving ability and build the innovative organization culture.