中国区域创新发展绩效测度研究

Evaluation research on regional innovation development performance in China

摘要:

创新是区域和城市在知识时代提升核心竞争力的重要引擎，创新发展理念已深入人心，创新发展绩效定量评价意义重大。本文运用DEA-Malmquist指数测度中国285个地级市在2012-2016年5年间的区域创新发展绩效水平、空间结构及变化趋势等，通过系统聚类法对创新发展绩效水平类似的区域进行分组，并分析位不同组群城市的创新发展绩效特征、问题及相应解决方式。研究表明，中国区域创新发展绩效总体处于中上等水平，但内部差异性较大；经济发达地区亟需解决资源配置问题；全要素生产率的上升主要得益于整体技术水平的提高，下一步需要解决的是如何对现有规模进行逐步调整使其趋向合理化；绩效水平相似但经济发展水平不同的城市在创新发展绩效的提升路径上也各有不同。

Abstract:

Innovation is an important engine for cities to enhance their core competitiveness in the knowledge age. The concept of innovation development has been deeply rooted in people’s minds, while its performance in China needs to be quantitatively evaluated. This paper uses the DEA-Malmquist index to measure the regional innovation development performance level, spatial structure, and change trend of 285 prefecture-level cities in China during the period from 2012 to 2016. The system clustering method is used to group areas with similar innovation development performance levels. Analyze the innovation development performance characteristics, problems and corresponding solutions in different cluster cities. Empirical research shows that regional innovation development performance in China is at the middle and upper level, but internal differences are large, and economically developed regions urgently need to solve resource allocation problems; the increase in total factor productivity is mainly due to the improvement of the overall level of technology, the next step what needs to be solved is how to gradually adjust the current scale so as to rationalize it; cities with similar performance levels but at different levels of economic development also have different ways to improve innovation development performance.