Abstract:This paper establishes a theoretical model between executive incentives, innovation investment and innovation performance, and introduces the“dual”capital of executives as a regulatory variable. Taking the 1022 A-share listed companies in 2014-2016 as the research object, using Poisson fixed The effect model regression method tests the incentive effects of executive incentives, innovation input and innovation performance, and executives''“dual”capital. The results show that executive compensation incentives and innovation inputs are positively affecting innovation performance; executive equity incentives negatively affect innovation performance; executive human capital plays a different role in regulating executive incentives, innovation investment and innovation performance; Social capital plays a negative role in regulating executive incentives, innovation investment and innovation performance. This paper has important reference value for the listed company to weigh the innovation investment and innovation performance of the business decision-making and the design of the executive incentive mechanism.