高科技企业的国际合作经验与启示 --基于航空发动机产业的分析

International cooperation experience and Enlightenment of high tech Enterprises ---Based on the analysis of aero engine industry

摘要:

目前有关高科技产业的研究，从“技术演进”的视角切入的较多，从“组织发展”尤其是“国际合作”视角出发的更少。鉴于此，本文从企业国际合作的视角出发，选取高科技产业中具有代表性的航空发动机产业，挖掘、梳理并详析英国、法国、美国、日本、德国等在航空发动机产业发展过程中的国际市场现状、国际合作方式、合作经验及教训、技术学习、军事安全、风险规避等。分析研究认为：航空发动机市场“寡头俱乐部”特征显著；对于研发周期长、研发风险高、科技含量高、军民融合的高科技产业来说，与世界“巨头”企业的合作，有利于促进技术学习和行业地位提升；为避免掉入“合作陷阱”，需根据企业的技术能力和资金实力选择最佳合作方式。

Abstract:

At present, there are more studies on high-tech industry from the perspective of "technological evolution", and less from the perspective of "organizational development", especially "international cooperation". Therefore, this paper focus on the perspective of international cooperation among enterprises and chooses aero engine industry as an example, analyses the international market situation, international cooperation methods, Technology learning, military security, risk aversion, cooperation experience and lessons of Britain, France, the United States, Japan and Germany in the development of aero engine industry. The analysis shows that there is an obvious characteristic in aero engine market, we call it "oligarchy club"; because of high-tech industry with long R&D cycle, high R&D risk, high technology content and civil-military integration, so cooperation with the world's "giant" enterprises is conducive to promoting technological learning and upgrading the status of the industry; in order to avoid falling into the "cooperation trap" ",we need to choose the best way of cooperation according to the technological capabilities and financial strength of enterprises.