基于科研项目数据的科技前沿识别有效路径实证探索

Empirical Exploration on Effective Paths to Identify Frontier Tech Based upon Data of Scientific Research Projects

摘要:

[目的/意义] 归集重大科研项目数据资源、探索数据的有效利用以揭示其蕴含的前瞻科技前沿主题,对于以“创新驱动,情报先行”为科技部门、创新企业做好“耳目、尖兵、参谋”,助力科学规划部署、角逐科技创新、抢占创新制高点有着及其重要的意义。[方法/过程] 以科技创新型国家重大科研项目数据资源归集为基础,通过实证从项目所属科研计划、项目名称及关键词、项目三个方面探索基于科研项目数据的科技前沿识别有效路径。[结果/结论]科研计划、项目名称、关键词、等一定程度上揭示项目内容的数据字段在科技前沿识别方面可以发挥作用,但存在数据字段缺失、数据规范性不足、杂质较多,识别方法工具待改进等问题,并提出以全球科技创新型国家重大科研项目数据库为基础的宏观、中观、微观组合式前沿识别路径。

Abstract:

[Purpose/Significance] This paper is written to summarize the data resource of major scientific research projects and explore the effective utilization of data, so as to reveal the included forward-looking themes of frontier tech. It is of great significance for being “detector, pioneer and adviser” for the “innovation-driven and intelligence-prioritized” technological departments and innovative enterprises, supporting scientific planning and arrangement, chasing after technological innovation and striving for innovation superiority. [Methodology/Process] Based on the resources gathering of major national scientific projects in the technological innovation-oriented countries, the paper will explore the effective paths of identifying frontier tech according to the data of scientific research projects from perspectives of scientific research plans that projects are included, project name and key words as well as project brief. The method used is empirical investigation. [Results/Conclusions] To some extent, scientific research plan, project name, key words and briefs reveal that, the data fields of projects can work on identifying frontier tech. But there are still problems like absence of data fields, lack of data standardization, much irrelevant information and identification methods and tools to be improved. Besides, this paper puts forward a macroscopic, midscopic and microscopic-combined path of frontier identification, based on the major scientific research projects databases of worldwide technological innovation-oriented countries.