政策企业家推动我国基础研究政策变迁的途径与策略分析

Analysis of the Ways and Strategies for Policy Entrepreneurs to Promote the Change of Basic Research Policies in China

摘要:

政策业家是指那些具有较强的创新精神，乐于投入个人资源并善于利用组织资源，为解决政策问题提供方案和建议的个人或群体。作为公共政策变迁的重要动因之一,政策企业家在我国基础研究政策变迁中发挥着重要作用。政策企业家通过创新政策观念、界定和建构政策问题、推动政策议程建立、评估政策执行过程和效果等途径,积极促进基础研究政策变迁。政策企业家在推进基础研究政策变迁时主要采取借助个人的优势资源、率先进行政策试点、向权力部门提交议案、直接致信政府决策层以及借助公众舆论压力等多种策略。

Abstract:

Policy entrepreneurs are those individuals or groups that have a strong spirit of innovation, are willing to invest personal resources and are good at using organizational resources to provide solutions and recommendations for policy issues. Policy entrepreneur research has become the focus of academic circles. As one of the important motivations of public policy change, policy entrepreneurs play an important role in the policy changes in basic research in China. They actively promote basic research policy changes by innovating policy ideas, defining and construct policy issues, driving policy agenda and evaluating the processes and effects of policy implementation. When Policy entrepreneurs push on the policy change of basic research, they exploit individual superior resources, lead policy trials, submit bills to the authorities, send letters to the decision-making level of the government directly and take advantage of pressure from public opinion.