意向性与人工智能：基于对“中文屋论证”的批判性考察

Intentionality and Artificial Intelligence:the Critical Inspect based on Chinese Room Argument

摘要:

塞尔通过“中文屋”思想实验对图灵的智能定义进行了反驳,认为通过了图灵测试的计算机并不具有智能,人与计算机的根本区别在于意向性,而意向性来自于人类大脑特有的生物结构——神经蛋白。但是,塞尔并没有明确指出导致意向性的根源性力量究竟是什么,大脑是如何具有意向性的,这是他的“中文屋”思想实验留给我们需要重新思考的问题,也是图灵测试需要我们认真审视的问题——智能的本质究竟是什么？在人工智能未来的发展中,人们对计算机智能的要求越来越高,技术的应用也将会和人类的实际需求融合得更加紧密,如何让计算机具有像人类的大脑一样的意向性成为人工智能专家未来努力的方向。

Abstract:

Searle disputed the definition of intelligent from Turing through Room Argument" , he thought that the computer will no have the intelligence even though it passes the Turing Test. The fundamental difference between human and computer is the intentionality, and the intentionality is from the unique biological structure of the human brain, neuronal proteins. However, Searle did not explicitly pointed out what leads to the intentional root power, how the brain has the intention, this is the problem we need to rethink from his Room Argument" and alsoTuring Test - what is the nature of intelligence? In the development of Artificial Intelligence in the future, people will have more and more high requirements for computer intelligence, the application of technology will also closer to human actual demand, how to make the computer with intentionality, just like human’s brain, becomes the future direction of the Artificial Intelligence experts’ work.