在考虑我国能源结构调整的基础上,本文通过构建改进SBM模型,对2012~2016年间我国30个省市的生态效率进行研究。文章首先对能源结构调整是否会对生态效率产生影响进行验证,发现不考虑能源结构调整会高估我国生态经济发展水平；进一步研究表明,研究期内我国生态效率呈“U”型发展,省市间发展差异呈现出先扩大后减小的发展态势,说明我国生态经济发展逐步变好；东部地区生态效率始终处于较高水平,西部地区效率下降较为明显；研究发现强制性污染治理举措对生态效率提升具有正向促进作用,而通过能源结构调整来减少二氧化碳将越来越难,未来各省市应从能源利用率方面入手减少二氧化碳排放；最后为不同地区生态效率进一步提升,提出针对性的政策建议。

On the basis of considering the adjustment of energy structure in China, the ecological efficiency of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2012 to 2016 was studied by constructing an improved SBM model. Firstly, this paper verifies whether the adjustment of energy structure will have an impact on eco-efficiency, and finds that not considering the adjustment of energy structure will overestimate the level of ecological and economic development in China. Further research indicates that China’s eco-efficiency shows a “U” type during research period, and the development difference between provinces and cities shows a trend of expansion first and then narrowing, indicating that China’s eco-economic development momentum is better; The eco-efficiency in the eastern region has always been at a relatively high level, and the efficiency in the western region has declined significantly; Compulsory pollution control measures will positively promote the eco-efficiency, however, it will become more and more difficult to reduce carbon dioxide through energy structure adjustment. In the future, each province and city should start to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from energy utilization; Finally, for the further improvement of ecological efficiency in different regions, put forward targeted policy recommendations.

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国家自然科学基金项目 “基于模糊网络DEA的绿色供应商评价方法与应用研究”（71861004）；贵州省教育厅高等学校人文社会科学研究项目“贵州省经济与生态的协调性研究—基于两阶段DEA方法”（2017SSD04）；贵州省研究生教育创新计划项目“区域生态经济效率研究--基于两阶段DEA方法”（KYJJ2017035）。