信息化促进乡村振兴的国际经验与借鉴[*]

International Experience and Reference for China on Informatization Promoting Rural Revitalization

摘要:

信息化可以提高乡村地区信息供给与传播效率，提升广大农户信息获取能力，助力乡村振兴。本文采用二手资料分析法，基于信息传播要素视角，从乡村信息化基础设施建设、乡村信息服务体系建设、涉农信息资源建设等方面对美国、英国、法国、日本、韩国、印度等6个国家利用信息化促进乡村振兴的典型模式与主要做法进行了分析，探讨了其对中国乡村振兴的经验借鉴。结果表明，目前国外形成了美国基于强大涉农信息网络服务的乡村振兴、英国基于城乡信息获取均等目标的乡村振兴、法国基于多元化社会化信息服务的乡村振兴、日本基于信息化与农业产业融合的乡村振兴、韩国基于信息化示范村推广应用的乡村振兴以及印度基于信息服务系统与电商平台引领的乡村振兴等6种典型的信息化促进乡村振兴模式，结合多案例分析发现，国外利用信息化促进乡村振兴的扶持政策与经验主要在于基础设施建设、受体技能培训、多元化服务主体以及信息资源建设等方面。未来中国在全面推进乡村振兴战略中，可借鉴国外相关经验，通过信息化支撑农业产业兴旺、信息化提升乡村治理效率、信息化促进农民增收等方面实现农业农村现代化。

Abstract:

Information technology can improve the efficiency of rural information supply and communication, enhancing the capacity of farmers accessing to information, and then boosting rural revitalization. Using second-hand data analysis method, this paper analyzed the modes and experience on informatization promoting rural revitalization in the United States, Britain, France, Japan, Korea and India based on the information transmission factor perspective, that is rural informatization infrastructure construction, rural information service system construction, and agricultural information resource building. Results indicated that: 1) there were 6 types of informatization promoting rural revolution mode in those countries, including the strong agricultural information network service supporting rural revolution in U.S., the equalization of information accessing in the rural area and urban in UK, the diversify and socialization of information service for boosting rural revitalization in France, the integration informatization and the agricultural industry in Japan, the popularization and application of the information demonstration village in South Korea, and the information service system and electric business platform for rural revolution in India; 2) combining with cases study, this paper found that the experience and support policy of those country in informationization to promote rural revitalization lied in the construction of infrastructure, receptor diversified skills training, multi-faceted sources and information resource construction, etc.; 3) in the future of overall operational rural revitalization strategy, China can draw lessons from these foreign experience, using information-based means to support the agricultural industry thriving, promote efficiency of rural governance, enhance farmers' income, etc, and then realize agricultural and rural modernization.