政策扩散视角下我国PPPs政策创新的扩散

Diffusion of PPPs Policy Innovation in China from the Perspective of Policy Diffusion

摘要:

作为我国政府的重要融资手段与治理方式,政府与社会资本合作(PPP)正在我国蓬勃兴起。本文在政策创新扩散理论的基础上,对1995-2018年所颁布的323项政策文件,从时间、空间、方向三个维度进行量化分析,解释中国PPPs政策扩散的过程与特征。研究结果显示：我国PPPs政策创新扩散效果显著,目前正处于“S”型曲线的快速扩散期,是一种渐进式增长模式；政策空间扩散上具有邻近效应,扩散活动呈现出地区性辐射扩散的特点,由政策发布频率高的地区向周围地区扩散,但扩散创新度不高；政策扩散方向上,存在着中央向地方自上而下、中央内部部门由高到低的层级扩散,以及各同级政府部门间的平行扩散路径。为提升政策创新扩散效果,中央政府与地方政府应将政策模仿经过政策学习后转化为政策创新。

Abstract:

As an important means of financing and governance of our government, Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) is booming in China. Based on the theory of policy innovation diffusion, this paper makes a quantitative analysis of 323 policy documents issued from 1995 to 2018 from three dimensions of time, space and direction, and explains the process and characteristics of PPPs policy diffusion in China. The results show that China"s PPPs policy innovation diffusion effect is remarkable, and it is now in the period of rapid diffusion of "S" curve, which is a gradual growth mode; the policy space diffusion has proximity effect, and the diffusion activity shows the characteristics of regional radiation diffusion, which is from the areas with high frequency of policy issuance to the surrounding areas, and the diffusion innovation degree is not high; and the policy diffusion direction is not high. In the direction of policy diffusion, there exists a hierarchical diffusion path from central to local, from high to low in central internal departments, and a parallel diffusion path among government departments at the same level. In order to improve the diffusion effect of policy innovation, central and local governments should transform policy imitation into policy innovation after policy learning.