车用动力电池关键材料技术及发展趋势研究

Research on Key Material Technologies and Development Trend of Vehicle Power Battery

摘要:

伴随着新能源汽车对动力电池能量密度要求的提高,动力电池的研究变得尤其重要。基于动力电池产业链,通过专利视角分析动力电池产业的发展,从锂离子动力电池产业链上游中的关键材料出发,对锂离子动力电池的正负极材料、隔膜及电解液的发展趋势进行了研究。发展正极材料是大幅度提升动力电池比能量的首选,其将朝着高电压、高容量的方向发展；发展硅基负极材料成为行业共识。接着结合动力电池产业链中下游的关键技术,对动力电池匹配与优化、电池制造工艺及电池回收与梯级利用给出了改进的建议。

关键词:电动汽车;锂离子动力电池;产业链;关键材料;关键技术

Abstract:

With the increase in the energy density requirements of power battery for new energy vehicles, research of power battery has become particularly important. Based on the power battery industrial chain, the development of the power battery industry is analyzed from the patent perspective. Starting from the key materials in the upstream of the lithium-ion power battery industrial chain, the development trend of the cathode, anode, separator and electrolytes of lithium-ion power batteries has been carried out. The development of cathode materials is the first choice for greatly improving the specific energy of power battery that it will develop toward high voltage and high capacity. The development of silicon-based anode materials has become the industry consensus. Then combined with the key technologies in the midstream and downstream of the power battery industrial chain, the improvement suggestions for power battery matching and optimization, battery manufacturing process, battery recycling and cascade utilization are given.

Key words:electric vehicle; lithium-ion power battery; industrial chain; key materials; key technologies