创新驱动发展战略下中国财政科技支出效率评价—基于三阶段超效率SBM-DEA模型

Evaluation on Efficiency of Fiscal Expenditure for Science and Technology on the background of the Strategy of Innovation-driven Development-Based on Three-stage Super-efficiency SBM-DEA Model

摘要:

基于省际面板数据,构建包括科技成果、经济效益、社会效益三方面的效率评价体系,采用三阶段超效率SBM-DEA模型对中国30个省(市)财政科技支出效率进行测度。研究表明：全国整体财政科技支出技术效率、纯技术效率及规模效率均未实现DEA相对完全有效,整个考察期内整体地方财政科技支出技术效率和纯技术效率总体呈先升后降趋势,2008年后保持相对平稳,规模效率总体呈先降后升趋势；外界环境因素中的经济发展水平、地方政府干预度对提高财政科技支出效率具有显著的正向作用,而对外开放水平、财政分权度不利于财政科技支出效率的提高；剔除外界环境和随机干扰因素后,多数省(市)份技术效率和纯技术效率上升,规模效率下降,全国整体纯技术效率值小于规模效率值；全国整体及各省(市)财政科技资金投入没有达到最优规模,多数表现为规模报酬递增；中国财政科技支出效率存在明显的地区差异,东部地区与中部地区效率值较高,而西部地区和东北地区效率值较低。

关键词:财政科技支出;效率;创新驱动发展;三阶段超效率SBM-DEA模型

Abstract:

In this paper, the author makes evaluation on efficiency of fiscal expenditure for science and technology based on 30 provinces(cities) in China by constructing efficiency evaluation system including scientific and technological achievements,economic benefits and social benefits using three-stage super-efficiency SBM-DEA model .The results show that technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of fiscal expenditure for science and technology of the whole and 30 provinces(cities) are not effective.In the whole research period,technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency increased first and then decreased,and maintained a relatively stable trend after 2008,while scale efficiency decreased first and then increased.The level of economic development, and local government intervention have significantly positive effect to improve efficiency of fiscal expenditure for science and technology,while the level of opening up and fiscal decentralization has significantly negative effect. After excluding the impact of environment factors and random errors, technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of most provinces(cities) present upward trends, while scale efficiency presents downward trends. In the whole research period, pure technical efficiency is smaller than scale efficiency. Fiscal expenditure for science and technology of the whole and 30 provinces has not reached the optimal size and the majority of which shows increasing returns to scale.The efficiencies of fiscal expenditure for science and technology in China obviously represent regional difference.The efficiency values in the eastern and central regions are higher, while those in the western and northeast regions are lower.

Key words:Fiscal Expenditure for Science and Technology; Efficiency; Innovation-driven Development; Three-stage super-efficiency SBM-DEA model