水环境治理产业产学研合作模式与网络演化实证研究

Empirical Study on Industry-University-Research CooperationModel and Network Evolution of Water Environment Governance Industry：A Perspective of Social Network Analysis

摘要:

水环境治理是关乎民生的国家战略性产业,对于确保用水安全,改善生态环境具有重要意义。水环境治理技术不足的问题日趋严重,而企业的研发能力有限,如何建立产学研合作机制,推动技术创新和应用成为当前亟待解决的问题。运用社会网络分析方法,选取中国水环境治理产业产学研联合申请的专利数据,分析产学研合作模式、网络结构演化,讨论网络结构对关键成员作用于网络的具体表现。结果表明：中国水环境治理产业产学研合作网络在过去30年经历了由大学为核心的合作模式向产学研深度融合发展,但是企业的主体地位尚未形成；整体网络的网络密度和集聚系数下降,而中心性提升,个体网络的结构洞优势提升显著；从聚类结果看,网络整体呈现出“核心-边缘”结构,子网络的核心成员具有显著结构洞桥接优势,但是在促进成员合作,提高网络稳定性的同时,还要避免过于分散,提高网络成员的创新能力。

Abstract:

Water environment management is a national strategic industry related to people's livelihood, which is of great significance for ensuring water security and improving the ecological environment. The problem of insufficient technology for water environment control is becoming more and more serious, and the research and development capacity of enterprises is limited. How to establish a cooperation mechanism between industry, University and Research Institute to promote technological innovation and application has become an urgent problem to be solved. Using social network analysis method, chooses the patent application data of industry-university- research cooperation in water environmental governance industry in China, analyses the evolution of cooperation mode and network structure, and discusses the specific performance of network structure on key members' role in thenetwork. The results show that: Over the past 30 years, industry-university-research cooperation network of water environment governance industry in China has undergone the development from university-centered cooperation mode to industry-university-research integration, but the dominant position of enterprises has not yet been formed; the network density and clustering coefficient of the whole network have declined, while the centrality has increased, and the structural hole advantage of the individual network has increased significantly; from the clustering results, the network as wholepresents"core-periphery" structure, the core members of sub-network have obvious advantages of structural hole bridging, but in promoting cooperation among members and improving network stability, we should avoid over-dispersion and improve the innovation ability of network members.