国家重大科技任务是科技战略引导和资源配置的重要抓手，也是未来科技、产业竞争的核心支撑力量。在当前竞争形势日益复杂环境下，将国家重大科技任务的形成纳入相对确定的形成决策机制，是保持其重要功能定位，有效支撑科技、产业竞争力提升的重要方面。本研究基于公共治理理念和科技治理体系视角，探索提出我国重大科技任务形成决策机制框架，主要包括构建科技决策立法与监督体系，确保各主体科技诉求的表达，在决策过程中充分体现各主体诉求，实现最高决策主体的民主决策，优化决策体系中各环节反馈与协同机制等方面。本研究可为国家科技体制改革和重大科技任务管理决策提供一定的参考。

As one of the most important tools for national strategic guidance and resource allocation, the national S&T (science and technology) tasks are becoming the core supporting force for future industrial and S&T competition. Under the increasingly competitive environment, it is important for the national S&T tasks to be incorporated into the fixed decision-making mechanisms as to maintain the long-lasting supporting function in the sustainable global competition of S&T and economy. This study summarized the concept and the evolution of the "public governance" and proposed the decision-making framework for the national S&T tasks. The decision-making framework mainly consists the following parts, which are the construction of the legislation and supervision system for the S&T decision-making system, incorporating the appeals of the S&T bodies into the decision-making mechanism, the democratic top decision-making by combination of the appeals from much more S&T bodies and the construction of long-lasting feedback and the synergy among the S&T bodies. This study can provide theoretical reference for the reform of national S&T system and the management of national S&T projects.

G30

本文系中国科学技术信息研究所创新研究基金面上项目“科技治理视角的科技政策学理论框架探索”(MS2019-03)研究成果之一。