基于数据包络分析的创新型企业技术创新效率测度研究

Research on Technology Innovation Efficiency Measurement of Innovative Enterprises Based on Data Envelope Analysis

摘要:

运用数据包络分析（DEA）方法对我国国家层面正式命名的创新型企业的技术创新效率进行衡量，并深入分析其技术创新投入冗余和产出不足情况。研究结果表明：我国创新型企业的技术创新效率整体偏低，但规模效率较高，纯技术效率是导致综合效率偏低的主要原因；多数企业都是规模报酬递减，过多的创新投入不会增加产出，反而会造成资源浪费；企业投入产出结构不合理的问题较严重，主要原因是产出不足，尤其是无形资产及主营业务收入产出方面；计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业和专用设备制造业的创新型企业数量较多，创新效率问题也较为严重。

Abstract:

By means of data envelopment analysis (DEA), this paper measures the efficiency of technological innovation of formally named innovative enterprises at the national level in China, and deeply analyzes the input redundancy and output shortage of scientific and technological innovation. The results show that the overall efficiency of technological innovation of innovative enterprises in China is low, but the scale efficiency is high, and the pure technology efficiency is the main reason for the low comprehensive efficiency; most enterprises are reduced returns of scale, too much innovation input will not increase output, but will cause waste of resources; the problem of unreasonable input-output structure of enterprises is serious, mainly due to the insufficient output, especially in intangible assets and main business income output; the number of innovative enterprises in computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing and special equipment manufacturing is large, and the problems of innovation efficiency are also serious.