全球价值链下环境规制与技术进步能否实现双赢？━━来自中国工业行业的经验研究

Can environmental regulation and technical progress achieve a win-win situation under the global value chain?

摘要:

中国在享受参与全球价值链分工好处的同时,也付出了较大资源环境代价,加强环境规制势在必行,那么全球价值链分工背景下环境规制与技术进步能否实现双赢是值得深入探讨的重要问题。本文通过测算工业行业技术进步,实证检验环境规制对技术进步的“波特假说”以及全球价值链(GVC)嵌入对该假说的影响。测算结果表明：中国工业行业技术进步明显,高技术工业明显高于传统工业,而传统技术类行业急需升级。实证检验结果显示：环境规制强度与技术进步之间存在显著“U”型关系,这是“挤出效应”与“补偿效应”共同作用的结果,然而GVC嵌入会强化环境规制对技术进步的“挤出效应”,但这种强化作用存在行业异质性特征,在技术类、生产者驱动型以及重工行业更为显著,而在非技术类则可能转变为弱化作用。

Abstract:

It is imperative to strengthen environmental regulation because China has also paid a great price in resources and environment while enjoying the benefits of global value chain. The study on strongSrelationship between environmental regulation and technical progress is necessary. The effect of environmental regulation on technical progress and the influence of GVC on this partial effect are empirically tested on the basis of measuring technical progress in China"s industry. Evidences show that technical progress is obvious in China"s industry and high-tech industries are obviously higher than traditional industries, while the traditional technology industries need upgrading urgently. In addtion, there is an definite U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and technical progress as a result of the existence of crowding-out effect and compensation effect. However, global value chain embeddedness has a significant positive influence on the partial effect of environmental regulation on technical progress, which has charactersticSof heterogeneity in different industries. The positive influence is very significant in technical, producer-driven industry and heavy industry, which may translate into negative effect in nontechnical industry.