针对近年我国大数据企业的技术效益不足问题,本文基于技术创新理论、大数据4V特点和文献研究,构建大数据企业技术创新影响因素的评价指标体系；再依据专家访谈和层次分析法(AHP)找出其技术创新的主要影响因素；然后以主要影响因素的相关定量指标作为聚类指标进行聚类分析；再采用熵值法分析中低技术创新水平大数据企业的主要影响因素,结果显示：主要影响因素有知识资源量、关系网络；大数据企业技术创新水平处于“领先企业少而强,长尾企业多而弱”的非均衡格局中；硕博学历员工数、研发投入等是中低型大数据企业技术创新的主要影响因素。

In view of the lack of technical benefits of big data enterprises in China in recent years, this paper builds an evaluation index system for the influencing factors of technological innovation of big data enterprises based on the theory of technological innovation, the characteristics of big data 4V and literature research; Then find out the main influencing factors of its technological innovation based on expert interviews and AHP. Then use the relevant quantitative indicators of the main influencing factors as clustering indicators for cluster analysis。Then using entropy method to analyze the main influencing factors of big data enterprises with low and medium technology innovation levels. The results show that the main influencing factors include the amount of knowledge resources and the relationship network; The level of technological innovation of big data enterprises is in a non-equilibrium pattern of “the leading companies are few and strong, and the long-tailed enterprises are many and weak”; The number of employees with master"s degree and R D investment are the main influencing factors of technological innovation in low- and medium-sized big data enterprises.

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河北省科技厅软科学项目“河北钢铁工业技术创新与经济增长耦合机理及技术创新效率评价”(项目编号：18454007D)；重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目“基于非结构化大数据的人才需求分析模型研究”(项目编号: cstc2016jcyjA0488)#$NL