考虑消费者低碳偏好的制造商外包策略分析

Outsourcing Strategy Analysis of Manufacturers Considering Consumer’s Low-carbon Preference

摘要:

从消费者效用出发，在节能减排的背景下构建了制造商外包决策的计算实验模型。研究了碳减排政策以及消费者行为对制造商外包决策的影响，并将强化学习算法引入制造商动态决策过程中，为制造商在多周期决策中制定合理的策略提供理论依据。结果发现:当消费者低碳偏好水平较高时，制造商应该以自产方式生产低碳产品；反之，制造商应该外包生产普通产品。当碳排放奖惩力度较高时，制造商应该自己生产，反之，制造商应该外包生产。另外，当制造商的碳减排难度较小时，制造商以自产方式生产能获得较好的收益，反之，制造商应采用外包策略。

Abstract:

From the perspective of consumer utility, we develop a computing experimental model to study the outsourcing strategies of manufacturers under the energy saving and emission reduction. We study the impact of carbon reduction policies and consumer behavior on manufacturers' outsourcing decisions. The reinforcement learning algorithm is applied into the dynamic decision making process of manufacturers. The aim of this paper is to provide theoretical basis for the manufacturer to develop a reasonable strategy in multi-cycle decision-making. The results show that the manufacturer should produce low-carbon component in house when low-carbon preference of the consumer is higher, otherwise, the manufacturer should outsource. The manufacturer should produce low-carbon product in house when the rewards and punishments of carbon emissions is high, otherwise, the manufacturer should outsource. In addition, when the manufacturer’s difficulties of reducing carbon emissions are easy, the manufacturer can produce component in house, otherwise, the manufacturer should outsource.