隐性知识异质性对知识型团队创造力的影响机理——以知识重构为有调节的中介变量

The Influencing Mechanism of Tacit Knowledge Heterogeneity on Knowledge Team Creativity——Knowledge Reconstruction as a Regulated Mediating Variable

摘要:

创新需求驱使各类组织内部知识团队应运而生，如何有效利用知识团队内部的知识型人才所拥有的难以表达及异质化的技巧和经验（隐性知识）已成为推动团队创新活动开展的关键。基于此，本文从知识重构视角探索隐性知识异质性与知识型团队创造力的关系，并考察了认知冲突和团队沟通的调节作用，并运用总效应调节模型加以验证。结果表明：（1）隐性知识异质性对知识型团队创造力有显著正向影响；（2）在认知冲突和团队沟通的调节下，知识重构在隐性知识异质性与知识型团队创造力之间起部分中介作用；（3）认知冲突调节了隐性知识异质性与团队创造力的关系，当认知冲突水平较低时，隐性知识异质性对团队创造力的正向影响显著性较高，但当认知冲突水平较高时，认知冲突带来了过多的认知观点，产生过量的认知负荷，而这种负荷会干扰其他成员的认知架构，进而削弱了隐性知识异质性对团队整体创造力的正向影响；（4）团队沟通在模型两个阶段的间接调节效应显著，团队沟通水平越高，隐性知识异质性对知识重构的影响以及知识重构对团队创造力的影响越大。

Abstract:

Innovation demand drives the emergence of knowledge teams within various organizations. How to effectively utilize the skills and experiences (tacit knowledge) that are difficult to express and heterogeneous (tacit knowledge) possessed by knowledge-based talents within knowledge teams, which has become the key to promote the development of team innovation activities. Based on this, this paper explores the relationship between tacit knowledge heterogeneity and knowledge-based team creativity from the perspective of knowledge reconstruction, and examines the moderating role of cognitive conflict and team communication, and verifies it with the total effect moderating model. The results show that: (1) tacit knowledge heterogeneity has a significant positive impact on knowledge-based team creativity; (2) under the regulation of cognitive conflict and team communication, knowledge reconstruction plays a partial mediating role between tacit knowledge heterogeneity and knowledge-based team creativity; (3)Cognitive conflict regulates the relationship between tacit knowledge heterogeneity and team creativity. When the level of cognitive conflict is lower, the tacit knowledge heterogeneity has a higher positive effect on team creativity. But when this level is higher, cognitive conflict brings too many cognitive viewpoints and generates too much cognitive load, which can interfere with other members’ cognitive structure, thus weakening the positive impact of tacit knowledge heterogeneity on team creativity; (4) Team communication has a significant indirect moderating effect in the two stages of the model. The higher the proficiency level, the greater the influence of tacit knowledge heterogeneity on knowledge reconstruction and knowledge reconstruction on team creativity.