青海省R&D活动投入效率评价及影响机制

Evaluation and Influencing Mechanism of R D Input Efficiencyin Qinghai Province

摘要:

在分析青海省R D活动总量及结构现状和存在的问题基础上,本文采用基于DEA的CCR模型和Malmquist生产率指数,对2000-2017年青海省R D活动的静态投入效率和动态投入效率进行了测算评价,且考察了青海省R D活动投入效率的影响机制。研究发现：从静态投入效率看,青海省R D活动的综合效率和规模效率均较低,纯技术效率相对有效,规模效益处于规模递增状态；从动态投入效率看,青海省R D活动技术进步缓慢和技术效率改善不明显拖累了全要素生产率增长；青海省R D活动投入效率总体偏低,在西北五省区及全国处于下游水平；研发人员、对外开放和创新环境显著促进青海省R D活动投入效率提升,但由于研发经费投入严重偏低,研发经费投入强度显著低于全国平均水平,且政府对R D活动支持力度较低,科技经费在整个财政支出中占比很小,导致研发经费和政府支持对青海省R D活动投入效率提升作用不显著。

Abstract:

Based on the analysis of the total amount and structure of R D activities in Qinghai Province and the existing problems, the paper evaluates the static and dynamic R D input efficiency from 2000 to 2017 useing the CCR model and Malmquist productivity index, and investigates the influencing mechanism of R D input efficiency. The paper finds that from the perspective of static R D input efficiency, the comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency of R D activities are relatively low, the pure technical efficiency is relatively effective, and the scale efficiency is in the state of increasing scale; from the perspective of dynamic R D input efficiency, slow technological progress and poor technological efficiency have slowed down the growth of total factor productivity; R D input efficiency is generally low, which is at the downstream level in the five northwest provinces and regions and the whole country; R D personnel, opening up and innovation environment significantly promote R D input efficiency. Due to the serious low investment of R D funds, the intensity of R D funds is significantly lower than the national average level, and the government"s support for R D activities is low, and the proportion of S T funds in the total financial expenditure is very small, which leads to the fact that R D funds and government support have no significant effect on improving R D input efficiency.