我国高新技术细分行业技术创新驱动出口贸易发展效率异质性研究

Research on the Heterogeneity of the Development Efficiency of Export Trade in China"s High-tech Segment Industry

摘要:

针对我国高新技术行业技术创新驱动出口贸易的发展效率及其各细分行业的异质性问题,依据2009-2016年我国高新技术行业统计数据,从静态和动态两个角度,分别运用DEA-BCC模型和RD-Malmquist模型计算我国高新技术14个细分行业技术创新驱动出口贸易的综合技术效率和全要素生产率,并对细分行业出口贸易效率的异质性及其原因有了讨论。研究发现：技术创新是驱动出口贸易的核心动力,高新技术各细分行业科技驱动出口贸易的效率差异性显著且效率波动性较大,计算机整机制造业综合效率最高为1,而中成药行业的综合效率最低仅为0.014；14个细分行业TFP在8年间涨跌交替,其中9个行业TFP均取得显著增长。应根据我国高新技术细分行业特点,有针对性地缩小效率差距；加大创新力度；营造良好的行业环境,以提升我国出口贸易国际竞争力。

Abstract:

In view of the development efficiency of technological innovation-driven export trade in China"s high-tech industry and the heterogeneity of various sub-sectors, according to the statistical data of China"s high-tech industry from 2009 to 2016. From the static and dynamic perspectives, the DEA-BCC model and the RD-Malmquist model are used to calculate the comprehensive technical efficiency and total factor productivity of the technological innovation-driven export trade of 14 high-tech industries in China, and discusses the heterogeneity of export trade efficiency and its causes. The research finds that science and technology is the core driving force for export trade. The efficiency of technological innovation-driven export trade in high-tech sub-sectors is significant and the efficiency is highly volatile. The overall efficiency of computer-based manufacturing industry is up to 1, while the proprietary Chinese medicine industry The overall efficiency is at least 0.014; 14 TFPs in 14 sub-sectors have changed alternately in 8 years, and 9 of them have achieved significant growth. According to the characteristics of China"s high-tech sub-sectors, we should narrow the efficiency gap in a targeted manner; increase technological innovation; create a good industrial environment to enhance the international competitiveness of China"s export trade.