转型升级进程中的珠三角制造业技术创新效率

The Industrial Technology Innovation Efficiency of Pearl River Delta in the Process of Transformation and Upgrading

摘要:

文章以转型升级中的制造业技术创新效率演化及其影响因素问题为研究对象，运用DEA及Malmquist指数方法，对珠三角9市2001-2017年制造业的技术创新效率进行测度与分析，结果发现：（1）珠三角制造业技术创新综合效率呈周期性上升趋势，但城市间分类指标差异较大。广州、深圳等区域创新中心技术辐射地理约束效应明显，价值链、产业链作用有限。（2）技术进步是珠三角制造业全要素生产率提升的主要推动因素，两者均呈周期性波动，波幅趋向平稳；规模效率、技术效率和纯技术效率变化指数趋势较为一致，珠三角制造业技术创新整体上仍处于规模扩展阶段。（3）珠三角制造业技术创新投入与创新效率并不同步，存在规模不经济现象。企业内部研发支出有助于技术创新效率提升，财政资金对企业内部研发支出具有挤出效应。企业技术创新投入不足、高校及科研院科研人员产出效率偏低，是制约珠三角制造业技术创新效率提升的两个关键因素。

Abstract:

This paper takes the evolution of manufacturing technology innovation efficiency and its influencing factors in the process of transformation and upgrading as the research object, and uses DEA and Malmquist index method to measure and analyze the technological innovation efficiency of the manufacturing industry in the Pearl River Delta in 2001-2017. The results show that: (1) The comprehensive efficiency of technological innovation in the Pearl River Delta manufacturing industry is on a cyclical upward trend, but the classification indicators between cities are quite different. The regional geographic innovation centers in Guangzhou and Shenzhen have obvious geographical effects on geographical radiation, and the value chain and industrial chain have limited effects. (2) Technological progress is the main driving factor for the improvement of total factor productivity in the Pearl River Delta manufacturing industry. Both of them are cyclical fluctuations, and the volatility tends to be stable. The trend of scale efficiency, technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency change index is relatively consistent. Technological innovation as a whole is still in the stage of scale expansion. (3) The technological innovation investment and innovation efficiency of the manufacturing industry in the Pearl River Delta are not synchronized, and there is a phenomenon that the scale is not economic. In-house R&D expenditures contribute to the efficiency of technological innovation, and fiscal funds have a crowding out effect on internal R&D expenditures. Insufficient investment in technological innovation in enterprises and low output efficiency of scientific research personnel in universities and research institutes are two key factors that constrain the efficiency of technological innovation in the manufacturing industry in the Pearl River Delta.