企业转型升级下地方人才政策文本量化分析——基于政府-企业协同关系视角

Quantitative Analysis of Local Talent Policy under the Background of Enterprise Transformation and Upgrading:An Analysis from the Perspective of the Synergy Relationship of Government and Enterprise

摘要:

以典型制造业企业上汽集团为例并以其15个整车基地所在城市2014~2018年出台的共计443项人才政策作为研究样本，综合运用文本计量、文本挖掘、关键词社会网络、内容分析、调研访谈等多种方法，从政府-企业协同关系视角系统梳理回顾和反思地方人才政策体系并揭示其瓶颈问题。结果发现：（1）各地人才新政发布主体协同情况参差不齐，政策受益客体分布不均，大多数政策缺少前瞻性布局和考虑，重点关注高科技新兴产业领域，且高校毕业生和海外优质“塔尖”人才成为主要青睐对象；（2）政策工具主要集中于人才创新创业和人才引进，放宽落户条件已是大势所趋，人才落户、购房补贴、生活补助、税收优惠等已成各地政府人才吸引主要手段，政策精准度有待提升、工具措施较为单一且同质化现象突出；（3）从政府-企业协同关系视角看，人才政策的政府-企业协同效应缺失，地方人才政策体系仍有待完善，企业用人单位也存在严重缺位。最后，从政府政策制定、企业政策使用及政府-企业协同合作等3个层面提出策略建议。

Abstract:

Taking the typical manufacturing company SAIC Group as an example and taking a total of 443 talent policies issued in its 15 vehicle base cities from 2014 to 2018 as research samples, this paper comprehensively uses text econometric analysis, PMC index model, text mining analysis, keyword social network analysis and content analysis to systematically review and reflect on local talent policy systems and reveal bottlenecks from the perspective of government-enterprise synergy. The results show that: (1) The subject synergy and the beneficiaries of the new talent policies are unevenly distributed; most of the policies lack forward-looking consideration and mainly focus on high-tech emerging industries; and college graduates and overseas high-quality talents become the main objects of favor. (2) Policy tools mainly focus on talent innovation and introduction; the relaxation of settlement conditions has become the general trend; in addition, talent settlement, housing subsidies, living subsidies, tax concessions and so on have become the main means of attracting talents; and the policy tools and the implementation measures are relatively weak and its phenomenon of homogenization is prominent.(3) From the perspective of government-enterprise synergy, the government-enterprise synergy effect of talent policy is missing, the local talent policy system needs to be improved, and there is a serious absence of enterprise employers. On this basis, this paper puts forward some strategic recommendations to promote the more effective implementation of talent policy in various cities from three aspects: government policy formulation, enterprise policy use and government-enterprise cooperation.