美英澳生物安全的发展路径及对中国的启示

The Development Path of Biosafety in the United States, Britain, And Australia And Its Enlightenment to China

摘要:

传染病、恐怖袭击、战争，众多生物安全领域的威胁使得国家生物安全治理能力的提升迫在眉睫。在新冠肺炎疫情背景下，从国际比较的视角入手，对美国、英国、澳大利亚三国生物安全发展的历史进程进行梳理，对其发展过程中所发布的战略、指令、法规等进行分析、阐述，结合我国在新冠肺炎疫情防控过程中所暴露出的问题，借鉴三国的经验，提出完善生物安全法制建设、加快生物安全战略构建、成立中央生物安全防御委员会等措施，以期为我国快速有效地构建国家生物安全防控体系，提高国家生物安全治理能力提供有益的参考。

Abstract:

Infectious diseases, terrorist attacks, wars, and many threats in the field of biosafety make the improvement of national biosafety governance capability imminent. In the background of novel coronavirus pneumonia pandemic, we start from the international comparison perspective, and sort out the history of biosafety development in the United States, Britain and Australia. Then we analyze and explain the strategies, directives and legislations issued in the process of development. Combined with the problems exposed by China in the process of prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia pandemic, drawing lessons from the three countries. We put forward the measures to improve the legal system of biosafety, accelerate the construction of biosafety strategy and establish the Central Biosafety Defense Committee, to provide useful reference for China to build a national biosafety prevention and control system high efficiently and improve the national biosafety governance capability.