中国学术机构、中国企业和美国学术机构专利质量比较研究

A comparative study on patent quality of Chinese academic institutions, Chinese enterprises and American academic institutions

摘要:

科学合理地评价中国学术机构专利质量,对于加快中国专利质量提升工程,促进知识产权强国战略的实施具有非常重要的理论意义和现实意义。选择2000-2018年中国学术机构、中国企业和美国学术机构发明授权专利作为研究样本,从专利创造、申请和维持转化三个阶段出发,选取非专利引用文献数量、引用专利数量、5年内被引频次、代理申请率、合作申请率、有效持有率和市场转化率7个指标,将三大主体的专利质量进行对比分析。研究表明：三大主体中中国学术机构的专利质量处于最低水平,尤其是专利创造阶段的相关指标与美国学术机构之间还存在很大的差距,且并没有呈现出上升的发展趋势。提升中国学术机构专利质量,还需从提升专利本身的新颖性和创新性开始做起。

Abstract:

It is of great theoretical and practical significance to accelerate the improvement of Chinese patent quality project and promote the implementation of the intellectual property power strategy of China by evaluating the patent quality of Chinese academic institutions scientifically and reasonably. We select authorized invention patents for 2000-2018 from Chinese academic institutions, Chinese enterprises and American academic institutions, and analyze their patent quality from three stages of patent creation, application and maintenance transformation by using seven indexes: the number of non-patent citations, the number of patent citations, cited frequency within five years, agent application rate, cooperation application rate, effective holding rate and conversion rate. The research shows that the patent quality of Chinese academic institutions is at the lowest level among the three subjects, especially there is a big gap between the Chinese academic institutions and American academic institutions in indexes for the patent creation stage, and there is no upward trend. To improve the patent quality of Chinese academic institutions, firstly we should improve the novelty and innovation of patents.