基于主体-行为-客体（SAO）三元结构的专利分析方法研究综述

Review of Patent Analysis Methods Based on Subject-Action-Object Ternary Structure

摘要:

分析目前最具代表性的基于主体-行为-客体（SAO）三元结构的专利分析工具的研究现状，包括SAO结构研究的主要内容和基于SAO结构的专利分析流程及其应用。研究发现：（1）SAO结构研究主要包括S、A、O元素的独立研究、两两组合研究及其相互关系研究；（2）基于SAO结构的专利分析流程主要分为数据预处理、SAO结构提取、SAO结构后处理和图表解释4个阶段；（3）基于SAO结构的专利分析方法主要分别从扩大研究词覆盖范围、构建和分析SAO结构网络、优化SAO结构提取方法和分类研究SAO结构来提高专利分析的全面性、深入性和准确性，其研究难点是对SAO结构中非分类关系的提取；（4）基于SAO结构的专利分析方法在专利情报分析领域跟踪科学研究发展并预测其发展前沿，在创新设计领域分析产品需求、结构和功能及推送设计概念，在专利知识管理系统开展专利分类、技术信息挖掘和展示以及发明知识推送，在企业管理领域帮助企业管理知识产权和组织实施战略，在各技术领域的应用扩展将是其未来发展趋势和研究热点。

Abstract:

This paper reviews the present situation of the most representative patent analysis methods based on Subject-Action-Object （SAO） ternary structure. The study involves the main content of SAO ternary structure research, the patent analysis process based on SAO ternary structure, and its application. Results show that, 1） The research of SAO ternary structure including the independent study of S, A and O, the study of pairwise combination, and the study of their interrelationships. 2）The patent analysis process based on SAO ternary structure consists of data preprocessing, SAO ternary structure extraction, SAO ternary structure post-processing, and chart interpretation. 3）Patent analysis methods based on SAO ternary structure improves the comprehensiveness, in-depth and accuracy of patent analysis from four aspects: Expansion of the coverage of research words, construction and analysis of SAO ternary structure network, optimization of SAO ternary structure extraction method, and classification research of SAO ternary structure. Non-classification relation extraction is its challenge. 4）Patent analysis methods based on SAO ternary structure tracts the development of scientific research and predicts its frontiers in patent intelligence analysis, analyzes product requirements, structure and functions to provide design concepts in innovation design, classifies patents, mines technical information, and displays them to recommend inventive knowledge in patent management system, manages intellectual property rights and organizes implementation strategies in enterprise management. Broadening its application fields is one of the development trends and hot topics.