产业安全视角下全球高铁专利质量测度与风险识别

Global High-speed Railway Patent Quality Measurement and Risk Identification from the Perspective of Industrial Safety

摘要:

以往的产业实践证明,专利质量会影响产业安全,专利质量预警是专利预警的重要组成部分。本文基于对专利质量关联因素及专利质量测度指标的研究分析,构建面向产业安全的专利质量测度体系,完善专利质量理论在产业实践中的应用。本文选取高铁四大关键技术体系的全球793个PCT专利族为数据样本,结合层析分析法和专利指标计量实现了专利质量量化测度,检验了专利质量测度体系的科学性和有效性。研究发现,高铁不同技术领域的专利质量具有明显的国别差异,法国、日本等往往通过较少量的高质量专利,对他国形成有效遏制,中国高铁确存在“数量多而质量低”的产业风险。最后,基于实证分析结果,建立专利质量“均值-方差”产业风险识别模型,提出应对中国高铁“走出去”中专利质量问题的对策与政策启示。

Abstract:

Previous industrial practice has proved many times that patent quality will affect industrial safety, and patent quality early warning is an important part of patent early warning. Based on the research and analysis of patent quality related factors and patent quality measurement indicators, this paper constructs a patent quality measurement system for industrial safety, and improves the application of patent quality theory in industrial practice. 793 PCT patent families in the world of four key technology systems of high-speed rail are selected as data samples. The quantitative measurement of patent quality is realized by combining chromatography and patent index measurement, and the scientificity and effectiveness of the patent quality measurement system are tested. It is found that patent quality in different technical fields of high-speed rail has obvious national differences. France, Japan and other countries often form effective containment through a small number of high-quality patents, and China"s high-speed rail industry risks of "large quantity but low quality". Finally, based on the results of empirical analysis, the "mean variance" industrial risk identification model of patent quality is established, and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to deal with the quality problems of China"s high-speed rail "going out".