创新型科技人才培养新思路—基于艺术和科学融合的视角

New Ideas for Cultivating Innovative Scientific and Technological Talent—Based on the perspective of the integration of art and science

摘要:

学科交叉作为科技创新的一个主要源泉，正逐渐成为科学时代一个不可替代的研究范式。当下艺术和科学的交叉融合趋势，更是为科技创新人才的培养提供了多元路径思考。研究基于扎根理论，通过对25位中外杰出的艺术型科学家自传和回忆录的质性分析，发现科艺融合在科学创新中的显著优势体现在认知工具的互益、思维方式的互补及价值追求的互通三个维度，继而结合当前我国艺术和科学融合在创新型科技人才培养实践中面临的困境，提出了重视科技后备人才感性素质的贯通式培育、倡导哲学上位的科艺融合教育观在高校的树立、鼓励高校教育工作者专业之外的科艺浸润等解决对策，以期为新时代下培养更具创造性的科技人才提供新思路。

Abstract:

As a main source of scientific and technological innovation, interdisciplinary research is becoming an irreplaceable paradigm in the scientific era.The current trend of the cross integration of art and science provides multiple ways of thinking for the cultivation of scientific and technological innovation talents. Based on the grounded theory, through the qualitative analysis of the autobiographies and memoirs of 25 outstanding art scientists at home and abroad, it is found that the significant advantages of science and art integration in scientific innovation are embodied in the three dimensions of mutual benefit of cognitive tools, complementation of thinking mode and intercommunity of value pursuit. Meanwhile, combining with the dilemma of the fusion of art and science in the training practice of innovative science and technology talents in China, this paper puts forward some countermeasures, such as attaching importance to the perceptual quality of science and technology reserve talents, advocating the upper echelons of philosophical idea of integrating science and art education in colleges and universities, and encouraging higher education workers to dabble in science and art beyond their major, in order to provide new ideas for cultivating more creative scientific and technological talents in the new era.