国家科技奖励工作后评估指标体系的理论构建本质上是“国家科技奖励工作”概念的操作化过程。基于“概念的操作化定义——后评估维度确定与解构——后评估指标筛选与赋权——指标释义与评分标准确定”逻辑,在界定操作化定义的基础上,解构了国家科技奖励工作的后评估维度及观测范围,进而运用专家咨询法和层次分析法对后评估指标进行了筛选与赋权,尝试构建一套能够在实务中可供操作的国家科技奖励工作后评估指标体系并进行了实证检验。检验结果显示,国家科技奖励工作绩效总体良好,但在评委安排科学性、奖种设置合理性、奖后服务存在的问题较为突出。据此,提出全面实行小同行评审制、增设国家青年科技奖、建立奖后跟踪与服务长效机制等政策建议。

The theoretical construction of the post-evaluation index system of national science and technology awards is essentially the operational process of the concept of "national science and technology awards". Follow the logic of "operational definition of concept—determination and deconstruction of post evaluation dimensions—selection and empowerment of post evaluation indicators—definition and grading criteria of indicators", the post evaluation dimensions and observation scope of national science and technology awards are deconstructed based on the definition of operational definition, and then the post-evaluation indicators are screened and empowered using expert consulting methods and AHP. This paper attempts to construct a post-evaluation index system of national science and technology awards which can be operated in practice, and carries out empirical test. The results show that the overall performance of national science and technology awards is good, but there are some problems in the scientificalness of arrangement of judges, the rationality of awards setting, and the service after awards. Based on this, policy recommendations such as the full implementation of the small peer review system, the addition of national youth science and technology award, and the establishment of a long-term mechanism for post award tracking and service have been put forward.

G322;F204;G449.7

国家科技奖励工作办公室研究课题“国家科技奖励工作后评估研究”（Z20180037）；河南省软科学研究项目“河南省科技奖励奖后跟踪服务与管理创新研究”（182400410157）。