贸易摩擦背景下外国在华技术创新战略及启示研究

Research on the Strategies and Enlightenments of Foreign Patents on Technological Innovation in China under the Background of Trade Frictions

摘要:

贸易摩擦的最终目的是争夺技术创新的制高点。研究借助SPSS统计软件，以金砖国家2000-2018年在华获授权的3696项专利为依据，对外国在华专利技术的时序变化、专利权人、优势技术领域、优先权和PCT专利、有效专利、专利权利转移和被引用等特征进行了分析。研究得出以下结论：①大型企业专利权人是外国在华实施专利技术创新战略的主导力量，个人专利权人是重要力量。②根据科技发展需求，技术保护是外国在华进行专利技术创新战略的主要目的。③经济发展水平和主导产业优势是外国在华实施专利技术创新战略的推动要素。④应该以“一带一路”战略为契机，加强自主创新和技术创新合作，吸引更多核心创新技术首次在华申请专利和进行技术转移，推动中国国际科技创新中心建设，争取更为有利的国际竞争环境。

Abstract:

The ultimate aim of trade frictions is to compete for the commanding heights of technological innovation. Based on the 3696 patents authorized by BRICS countries in China from 2000 to 2018, this study analyzed the characteristics of foreign patents in China, such as time series change, patentees, dominant technology fields, priority and PCT patents, valid patents, patent rights transfer, citations, etc. The research draws the following conclusions: (1) Patentees of large enterprises are the dominant force for foreign countries to implement patent technology innovation strategies in China, and individual patentees are the important force. (2) According to their respective scientific and technological development needs, the protection of technological innovation is the main purpose of foreign patented technological innovation strategies in China. (3) The level of economic development and the advantages of leading industries are the driving factors for foreign countries to implement patent technology innovation strategies in China., (4) We should take the "Belt and Road" strategy as an opportunity to strengthen China's independent innovation and technological innovation cooperation, attract more core innovative technologies to apply for patents and transfer in China for the first time, so as to promote the construction of China's international science and technology innovation center, to strive for a more favourable international competitive environment.