进口竞争与企业创新-基于中国制造业企业专利数据的证据

Import Competition and Enterprise Innovation: Evidence from Patent Data of Chinese Manufacturing Firms

摘要:

本文采用CEPII-BACI数据库、中国工业企业专利数据库和中国工业企业数据库的多重匹配数据,系统检验了进口竞争对中国制造业企业研发创新的影响效应和作用机制。研究结果表明：进口竞争显著降低了企业产品创新,突破式创新和渐近式创新同时被削弱；异质性分析显示进口竞争对高竞争行业、高政企关联企业和低技术行业创新的负面作用更为显著；中介效应模型检验表明熊彼特效应是中国制造业企业应对进口竞争的主导模式。由此,本文提出适当放缓国家亟需且有待突破技术瓶颈领域的进口促进步伐,提高政府研发补贴力度和完善优惠政策,实现企业产品创新和服务转型双轮驱动等相关政策建议。

Abstract:

using CEPII-BACI database, Chinese industrial enterprise patent database and Chinese industrial enterprise database, we systematically test the effect and mechanism of import competition on innovation of Chinese manufacturing enterprises. The results show that: import competition significantly reduces enterprise product innovation, and its inhibition effect on incremental innovation is stronger than that on radical innovation; heterogeneity analysis shows that import competition has more significant negative effects on innovation of high competitive industries, high government enterprise affiliated enterprises and low-tech industries; intermediary effect model test shows that Schumpeter effect is the main factor for Chinese manufacturing enterprises to cope with import competition mechanism. Therefore, this paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions, such as appropriately slowing down the import promotion in the areas urgently needed by the country and with urgent innovation mission, improving the government"s R D subsidies and improving preferential policies, and realizing the two wheel drive of enterprise product innovation and service transformation.