信任重建：有机农业“追溯-信任”体系的区块链嵌入探索

Reconstruction of Trust: Exploration of Blockchain Embedding in the

摘要:

长期以来，我国基于“追溯+认证”的有机食品质量安全保障机制难以有效发挥作用。由于有机产业长期存在严重的信息不对称问题，导致国内有机市场向着“柠檬市场”发展，尤其是国产优质有机农产品面临本土假冒和进口双重挤压困境。区块链的出现为实现传统“追溯+认证”机制向更加高效的“追溯-信任”体系转变、摆脱有机农业发展困境提供了技术支持。“追溯-信任”体系，有助于打破信息不对称、重建生产和消费间者之间的信任关系，从而有效解决食品质量安全问题。在实现区块链有效嵌入的过程中，尚存在技术、消费者认知和利益协调三大难点。推动和协调信息保护与开放、降低嵌入成本、强制上链和多维度开发区块链应用场景，将有助于区块链在“追溯-信任”体系中尽快发挥作用。

Abstract:

For a long time, the organic food quality and safety assurance mechanism based on "traceability + certification" in China is difficult to play an effective role. Due to the serious information asymmetry in the organic industry for a long time, the domestic organic market is developing towards the "lemon market", especially the domestic high-quality organic agricultural products are facing the double squeeze dilemma of local counterfeiting and import. The emergence of blockchain provides technical support for the transformation from the traditional "traceability + authentication" mechanism to a more efficient "traceability trust" system, and for getting rid of the development dilemma of organic agriculture. The "traceability trust" system helps to break the information asymmetry, rebuild the trust relationship between producers and consumers, and effectively solve the problem of food quality and safety. In the process of effectively embedding blockchain, there are still three difficulties: technology, consumer cognition and interest coordination. The promotion and coordination of information protection and opening, the reduction of embedding costs, the forced on the chain and the multi-dimensional development of blockchain application scenarios will help the blockchain to play a role in the "traceability trust" system as soon as possible.