准确测度一个国家或地区的创新活动和能力对于科技创新政策的制定至关重要。随着科技创新本身的颠覆性发展，创新的测度也在经历深刻的变革，因此，对创新测度的研究进展及发展趋势进行分析具有重要意义。本文在回顾和总结创新内涵演变历程的基础上，梳理了创新测度的理论基础和主要模型，包括创新线性模型和反馈模型、创新系统模型，分析了创新调查和统计方法、国家创新体系和创新能力测度等主要的创新测度方法。最后，分别从创新的性质、创新主体的范围、创新测度数据的质量等方面探讨了在科技变革、数字化、全球化等背景下创新测度面临的挑战及发展趋势。

Measuring innovation activities and processes of a country or a region accurately is critical to the science, technology and innovation (STI) policies making. With the disruptive development of STI, the measurement of innovation is undergoing profound changes. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the research progress and trend of innovation measurement. Firstly, we review and summarize the meaning of innovation, and analyze the theoretical basis and main models of innovation measurement, including innovation linear model, innovation feedback model and innovation system model. Then the main innovation measurement methods such as innovation survey and statistics, national innovation system and innovation capability measurement are analyzed. At last, the challenges and development trends of innovation measurement are discussed from the nature of innovation, the scope of innovation subjects, and the quality of innovation measurement data in the context of scientific and technological changes, digitization and globalization.

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中国科学院战略研究与决策支持系统建设专项“科技强国建设态势监测与研究”(编号：GHJ-ZLZX-2018-31-3)