中国大型企业时空格局演化及其关联性-基于制造业和服务业500强的分析

Spatio-temporal Evolution and Correlation of Large Enterprises in China ：Based on the Analysis of Top 500 Manufacturing and Service Enterprises

摘要:

中国大型企业是科技创新的主体,其空间布局具有一定的规律性。文章基于2005-2017中国500强制造业和服务业企业微观数据,采用重心模型、空间热点等分析方法,揭示中国500强制造业和服务业企业动态区位演化特征,并就其在地理空间分布格局上是否存在 “依赖”性进行分类检验,进而运用负二项回归模型分析服务业对制造业企业区位选择的影响。研究结果表明：(1)两类企业总部热点区和次热区呈现向南移动趋势,长三角是两类企业总部分布共同的热点区；(2)制造业和服务业企业重心逐步南移,两者重心距离逐渐减少,重心变化相关度增强；(3)制造业企业倾向布局在高端生产性服务业水平较高的区域,其中科技服务的影响显著增加,另外金融服务、交通运输服务也存在显著影响。

Abstract:

China"s large enterprises are the main body of scientific and technological innovation, and their spatial distribution has certain regularity. Based on the micro data of China"s top 500 manufacturing and service enterprises from 2005 to 2017, this paper reveals the relative feature of their location evolution, and also tests whether there is "interdependence" between them in the geographical spatial distribution pattern by using the barycenter model, hotspot analysis and other spatial methods. Then, the impact of service industry on the location selection of manufacturing enterprises is analyzed by using the negative binomial regression model. The results are as follows. Firstly, the hot spots and sub hot spots of the two types of corporate headquarters are moving southward. The Yangtze River Delta is the common hot spots of the two types of corporate headquarters. Secondly, the gravity of manufacturing and service enterprises is moving southward, and the distance between the gravity of two types of corporates is gradually reduced. The correlation degree of the gravity variation is enhanced. Thirdly, manufacturing enterprises tend to be located in areas with high level of high-end producer services, in which financial service, science and technology service, transportation service have a significant impact on the location of the top 500 manufacturing enterprises.