地区科学基金项目的资助特征与管理优化

Funding Characteristics and Management Optimization of Fund for Less Developed Regions

摘要:

分析我国国家自然科学基金地区科学基金自设立以来至2018年的发展历程与资助特征，结果发现：（1）地区科学基金资助经费增长缓慢，尤其是2011年以来年均增长率仅为4.71%，低于面上项目和青年科学基金项目；（2）地区科学基金资助率持续下降，单项资助金额与面上项目的差距越来越大；（3）10省区获得地区科学基金资助经费比例及资助率基本稳定，但其基础研究投入的内部结构差异显著；（4）地区科学基金资助项目的依托单位集中现象明显。基于地区科学基金的以上资助特征，结合新时期西部创新发展战略要求，提出优化地区科学基金管理的策略建议，包括增加总体资助规模、提高单项资助金额、细化倾斜资助政策，并探索建立调动地方增加基础研究投入的有效机制。

Abstract:

Based on the statistical data of Fund for Less Developed Regions of the Natural Science Foundation of China from its establishment to 2018, this paper analyze the development process and funding characteristics. The results showed that: the annual growth rate of the Fund for Less Developed Regions was only 4.71% since 2011, which was lower than that of General Programs and Young Scientists Fund; the funding rate of Fund for Less Developed Regions continued to decline, and the gap of average individual subsidy amount between Fund for Less Developed Regions and General Programs was widening; the proportion and founding rate of the 10 provinces were basically stable, but the internal structure of basic research investment was significantly different; a small number of supporting institutions had received most of the Fund for Less Developed Regions. Based on the funding characteristics and the strategic demand of innovation and development of western region in the new period, this paper puts forward some suggestions for optimizing support strategy of Fund for Less Developed Region, including increasing funding scale and individual available amount, refining the preferential funding policies, and exploring the establishment of an effective mechanism for mobilizing local governments to increase the investment in basic research.