环境规制下中国农业技术效率的区域差异与影响因素——基于农业碳排放与农业面源污染双重约束的视角

Regional Disparity and Influencing Factors of Agricultural Technology Efficiency in China：Based on the Dual Constraint of Agricultural Carbon and Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution

摘要:

低碳发展和绿色发展是农业可持续发展的核心内容,将农业碳排放与农业面源污染纳入统一分析框架,基于非径向方向性距离函数,对碳排放与面源污染双重约束下中国农业技术效率进行测度,分别从省域与区域层面探讨中国农业技术效率的区域差异,并采用截断Bootstrap方法对农业技术效率的影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明,中国近60%省域的农业技术效率未达到生产前沿；东部地区农业技术效率值最高,西部地区次之,中部地区最低；东部沿海地区的农业技术效率处于最优生产前沿面,长江中游地区处于较低水平；粮食主销区的农业技术效率最高,粮食主产区最低；社会经济特征与农业生产特征对农业技术效率影响显著,其中农业技术效率与经济发展水平呈现正U型关系,互联网发展水平和农业财政支持对农业技术效率有显著的促进作用,而种植结构却存在负向影响。

关键词:农业技术效率;农业碳排放;农业面源污染;区域差异

Abstract:

Low-carbon development and green development are the core contents of agricultural sustainable development. In this paper, agricultural carbon emissions and agricultural non-point source pollution are integrated into the unified analytical framework. Based on the non-radial direction distance function, this paper computes Chinese agricultural technology efficiency with the constraint of carbon emission and pollutant emission, and discusses the regional disparity of agricultural technology efficiency from the provincial and regional levels respectively, lastly makes the truncated Bootstrap method on the influencing factors of agricultural technology efficiency. The results show that the agricultural technology efficiency in 60% of provinces does not reach the production frontier. The agricultural technology efficiency in the east is higher than other regions. The agricultural technology efficiency in the eastern coastal areas is at a relatively optimal level, but in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River it is relatively low. The agricultural technology efficiency in the main grain sales area is the highest and in the main grain producing area is the lowest. The agricultural technology efficiency is mainly influenced by the factors of social characteristics and agricultural production characteristics. Agricultural technology efficiency and economic development level show a U-shaped relationship. Internet development level and agricultural financial support can significantly improve agricultural technology efficiency, while planting structure has a negative impact.

Key words:agricultural technology efficiency; agricultural carbon emission; agricultural non-point source pollution; regional disparity