广东省科技人才政策分析及人才资源分布研究

Analysis of science and technology talent policy and distribution of talent resources in Guangdong Province

摘要:

科技人才是科技创新驱动高质量发展中最重的要素资源。本研究对广东省近10年来的科技人才政策进行梳理，并评估政策的实施效果，通过2000年—2019年科技人才体量的变化及2019年高被引学者的数量分析广东省科技人才资源储备和分布情况。结果如下：广东省科技人才政策对其科技人才资源的开发起到了重要作用，但还存在前瞻性不足、政策创新突破力度不大，政策执行缺乏闭环设计等问题。近10年来广东省研究与试验发展人才的总量逐步增加，增速不断加大，总量位居全国第一，但人均科技力量位列北京、上海、浙江等省市之后。广东省各地科技人才分布存在较大的空间差异，主要积聚在珠三角9市。在高层次科技人才聚集和培养方面广东无明显的竞争优势，还有较大进步空间。广东在牙医、兽医、计算力学方面具有独特的优势，但在航空工程、海洋工程、工业和制造工程、经济计量学和金融、艺术和人文等学科方面尚未达到国际一流，目前广东顶尖科技创新人才资源储量不占优势，战略新兴产业、工程类、人文类的学科高水平力量尚需加强。

Abstract:

Scientific and technological talents are the key resources in the high-quality development driven by scientific and technological innovation. This study combs the science and technology talent policies of Guangdong Province in the past 10 years, and evaluates the implementation effect of the policies through the distribution of the scientific and technological talents from 2000 to 2019 and the number of highly cited scholars in 2019 in Guangdong Province. The results were as follows: Guangdong Province"s science and technology talent policy has played an important role in the development of its scientific and technological talent resources, but there are still some problems, such as lack of foresight, little breakthrough in policy innovation, and lack of closed-loop design in policy implementation. In recent 10 years, the total amount of research and experimental development(R D) talents in Guangdong Province has gradually increased and the growth rate has been increasing. The total amount ranks first in China, but the per capita scientific and technological strength ranks behind Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other provinces and cities. There are great spatial differences in the distribution of scientific and technological talents in Guangdong Province, mainly in 9 cities of the Pearl River Delta. Guangdong has no obvious competitive advantage in the gathering and training of high-level scientific and technological talents, and there is still much room for improvement. Guangdong has unique advantages in dentistry, veterinary medicine and computational mechanics, but it has not yet reached the international first-class level in aviation engineering, marine engineering, industrial and manufacturing engineering, econometrics, finance, art and humanities. At present, Guangdong"s top scientific and technological innovation talent reserves are insufficient, and strategic emerging industries, engineering and humanities disciplines still need to be strengthened.