疫情之下的数据治理及人工智能应用边界探索

An Exploration into Data Governance and the Boundaries of Artificial Intelligence Application amid the COVID-19 Crisis

摘要:

新冠病毒（COVID-19）爆发使全球均将科技防疫作为疫情防控的重点突破方向，但其却为欧美国家处于探索阶段的数据隐私治理以及尚未建立的人工智能治理带来巨大挑战。由于相关法律限制，欧美主要国家政府就是否应被允许使用智能手机数据和人工智能技术用来控制新冠病毒的传播引起了西方社会的巨大争论。本文首先梳理欧美相关法律中的相关条款，专注于分析疫情爆发初期主要国家采用科技抗疫的案例，提出在疫情等公共安全事件突发时，各国应在内部明确数据保护与公共利益优先的临界点，并尽快建立平衡数据保护与公共利益的国际合作机制。

Abstract:

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) makes many countries focus on the topic of epidemic containment by science and technology. At the same time, the COVID-19 epidemic has thrown a huge challenge to the data privacy governance system that is still in the exploratory stage in European countries and the U.S., as well as the AI technology governance system that is yet to be established. On the other hand, whether major European countries and the U.S. can use smart phone data and artificial intelligence techniques to prevent the spread of this epidemic or not has been an ongoing dispute under the regulations of relevant privacy regulations. This paper will introduce the relevant issues in relevant privacy regulations, and then introduce the cases of epidemic containment by technology in the world. Last, this paper points out that setting tipping point and establishing an international cooperation mechanism between data protection and public interests are both urgent and crucial.