市场导向下科研人员创新过程特点及其对我国科技成果转化的启示——对水下捕捞机器人创新过程的扎根研究

The Model and Path Dependence of Scientific Researchers in the Process of Innovation with the Guidance of Market—Grounded Research on the Innovation Process of Underwater Fishing Robot

摘要:

市场导向是我国创新体系建设的重要方向。以市场为导向的技术研发是促进技术与经济深度融合和实现创新驱动发展的关键所在。高校和科研院所的科研人员开展以市场为导向的技术研发是其中的重要一环。以水下捕捞机器人技术为研究对象,基于扎根理论,构建了市场导向下的科研人员创新过程模型,分析其主要特点及其对创新的影响。研究发现：在制定技术路线时,科研人员需整合其他领域的相关技术；在对市场需求进行解析时,科研人员可能出现较大的误判；科研人员对自身的研究领域存在着路径依赖。根据研究结果,针对市场导向的科研项目,提出研究和建立市场导向的科技项目管理机制、以中小企业为创新主体、引入目标用户评价机制等建议。

Abstract:

Market orientation is an important direction of innovation system construction in China. Market-oriented technology R amp; D is the key to promote the deep integration of technology and economy and realize innovation driven development. It is an important part for the researchers of universities and scientific research institutes to develop market-oriented technology research and development. Taking the underwater fishing robot technology as the research object, based on the grounded theory, a market-oriented technological innovation process model for scientific researchers is constructed, and its main characteristics and impact on innovation are analyzed. It is found that in the process of formulating technical routes, researchers need to integrate relevant technologies in other fields, and in the process of analyzing market demand, researchers may have great misjudgment, and researchers have path dependence on their own research fields. According to the research results, for the market-oriented scientific research projects, this paper puts forward some suggestions, such as researching and establishing the market-oriented scientific and technological project management mechanism, taking small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body of innovation, and introducing the target users evaluation mechanism.