Abstract:The performance of medical research projects is very important to guide medical decision-making and improve public health. Based on the unique characteristics of medical projects, this paper constructs a strategic framework to improve the ambidexterity performance of medical research projects, and discusses the relationship between the dynamic knowledge capability of medical teams and the ambidexterity performance of medical research projects. The results of 212 questionnaires showed that the knowledge dynamic ability (sensing, seizing and reconfiguring ability) significantly positively affected the ambidexterity performance of medical scientific research projects; However, the moderating effect of project complexity is significantly different between the two, which has a positive moderating effect on the public welfare performance of medical research projects, but a significant negative moderating effect on the economic performance. In theory, the ambidexterity performance indicators of economic and public welfare of medical research projects are identified, and the importance of public welfare performance is verified. In practice, the units to be funded should pay attention to the public welfare performance of medical projects, and the units to be set up should pay attention to the development of the knowledge dynamic ability of medical research teams, so that medical scientific research can meet the needs of public health to the greatest extent.