中国东部三大城市群国家高新区创新效率及影响因素研究

Research on the innovation Efficiency and its Influencing Factors of National high-tech Zones in three major urban agglomerations in Eastern China

摘要:

本文以我国东部京津冀、长三角和珠三角城市群的28家国家高新区为研究对象,运用熵值法和随机前沿生产模型,基于2012—2019年的高新区创新投入和产出面板数据,测算高新区的创新效率,并对其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：三大城市群国家高新区创新效率较高。分区域来看,长三角城市群国家高新区平均创新效率最高,珠三角城市群国家高新区平均创新效率次之,京津冀城市群国家高新区平均创新效率最低；从时间序列上看,长三角、珠三角城市群国家高新区的创新效率变化大致呈“W”型波动上升趋势,京津冀城市群国家高新区的创新效率变化大致呈“U”型下降趋势；从城市群内部比较看,三大城市群国家高新区创新效率表现出较大的内部发展差距,但差距呈现缩小趋势。创新主体、企业规模、利润规模、劳动者素质、对外开放五大因素对国家高新区的创新效率都具有积极影响。

Abstract:

In this paper, 28 national high-tech zones in eastern China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration are taken as research objects. Entropy method and stochastic frontier production model are used to measure the innovation efficiency based on the innovation panel data of the national high-tech zones in the three urban agglomerates from 2012 to 2017, and the influencing factors of innovation efficiency are analyzed. The results show that: The innovation efficiency of the national high-tech zones in the three urban agglomerations is relatively high. The average innovation efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta city group is the highest, followed by the Pearl River Delta city group, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei city group national high-tech zone is the lowest. From the perspective of time series, the innovation efficiency of the National high-tech zones in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerates shows a w-shaped fluctuation development and an overall trend of improvement. The innovation efficiency of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomerates shows a U-shaped change and an overall trend of decline. In addition, the innovation efficiency of the national high-tech zones in the three urban agglomerations shows a large internal development gap, but the gap shows a narrowing trend. The innovation subject, enterprise scale, profit scale and opening to the outside world all have positive influence on the innovation efficiency of the national high-tech zone.