Abstract:This study integrates the perspectives of knowledge base, knowledge structure, knowledge transfer and relationship embedding, and to illustrate the black box between knowledge compatibility and enterprise knowledge creation performance. Collect samples of 239 manufacturing and high-tech enterprises located in many parts of China. We test hypothesis empirically by using multiple regression test method. The results show that: (1) knowledge compatibility between firms positively affects firms’ knowledge creation performance. (2) Knowledge compatibility between firms positively influences firms" knowledge creation performance through component and architectural knowledge transfer. (3) Economic relationship quality positively moderates the relationship between inter-firm knowledge compatibility and component knowledge transfer, Moreover, the stronger of the economic relationship quality, the more inter-firm knowledge compatibility promotes the knowledge creation performance through component knowledge transfer.