京津冀城市群生态效率的空间收敛性研究

Research on spatial convergence of ecological efficiency in Beijing Tianjin Hebei Urban Agglomeration

摘要:

生态危机加深威胁区域全面绿色转型,如何提高生态效率成为区域可持续发展的关键问题。将京津冀13个地级及以上城市划分为四大生态区,运用非期望产出的超效率SBM模型进行2009—2019年生态效率测算,以Dagum基尼系数刻画其区域差异及来源,并借助变异系数法和空间杜宾模型进行生态效率时空维度的收敛性检验。研究结果表明：⑴从时序演进来看,京津冀城市群生态效率整体趋于下降,“中部和东部领先”的状态尚未改变；⑵从四大生态区之间的差异来看,总体基尼系数呈现波动下降的变化态势但其内部存在较大非均衡性,区域间差异是京津冀生态效率差距的主要来源；⑶从四大生态区空间收敛性来看,大部分生态区表现为σ收敛特征,β收敛、俱乐部收敛和空间溢出效应在所有生态区均为显著状态。基于实证研究结果,提出缩小区域生态差距、推进京津冀生态效率持续提升的对策建议。

Abstract:

The deepening of ecological crisis threatens the regional comprehensive green transformation, and how to improve ecological efficiency has become the key problem of regional sustainable development. In this paper, 13 cities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei were divided into four ecological regions. The super efficiency SBM model based on unexpected output was used to measure ecological efficiency from 2009 to 2019. The Dagum Gini coefficient was used to describe the regional difference and its source. The coefficient of variation method and spatial Durbin model were used to test the convergence of spatial and temporal dimensions of ecological efficiency. The results showed that: (1) from the perspective of time serial evolution, the overall ecological efficiency of Beijing Tianjin Hebei Urban Agglomeration tended to decline, and the state of "leading in the middle and East" had not changed; (2) from the perspective of the difference among four ecological regions, the overall Gini coefficient presented a fluctuating downward trend, but there was a large imbalance in its interior, and the regional difference was the main source of ecological efficiency gap between Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei; (3) from the point of view of the spatial convergence of four ecological regions, most of ecological regions were characterized by σ convergence, and β convergence, club convergence and spatial spillover effect were significant. Based on them, this paper putted forward countermeasures and suggestions to narrow the regional ecological gap and promote the sustainable improvement of ecological efficiency of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.