信息通信技术发展水平与城市群内部的创新空间分布

ICT Development Level and Spatial Divergence of Urban Innovation

摘要:

从网络效应出发，探究信息通信技术使创新空间分布趋向均衡的理论机制。利用长三角城市群面板数据构建门限回归模型，检验在不同互联网普及程度下各类创新主体对城市创新产出贡献的门限效应。研究发现：长三角城市群内，创新主体位于互联网普及程度高的城市对创新产出具有更高的边际贡献，互联网普及率13.67%和38.98%分别为创新主体边际贡献门限效应的两个临界点，达到38.98%后大学、外资企业、消费者的创新效率达到最大化，而政府干预的作用相对降低；早期阶段，中心城市率先达到互联网普及的临界点，但随后互联网基础设施的快速发展消弭了城市间互联网“接入鸿沟”，大部分城市突破了互联网普及的门限条件，互联网的快速普及促进创新空间分布趋向均衡，为摆脱极化陷阱创造了条件。据此从城市群层面对实施创新驱动发展和协调区域平衡发展战略提出建议：关注中心城市的创新发展，集中突破核心关键技术创新；以数字经济发展为契机，优化调整创新空间分布；推动协同建设新一代信息基础设施，在更大地理范围内将创新主体纳入网络效应作用机制。

Abstract:

This article starts from network effect, focusing on the mechanism of ICT（Information and Communications Technology）to balance the spatial distribution of innovation. A threshold regression model was constructed using the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone panel data to examine the threshold effect of the contribution of various innovation agents to urban innovation output under different Internet penetration. The study found that within the sample area, the innovators in cities with high Internet penetration had higher marginal contributions to innovation output. The Internet penetration rate of 13.67% and 38.98% is the two threshold values of the marginal contribution of the innovation subject. After reaching 38.98%, the innovation efficiency of universities, foreign-funded enterprises and consumers is maximized. At the early stage, the central cities were the first to reach the threshold value of Internet penetration. When the rapid development of internet infrastructure eliminated the “Access gap” between cities, most cities have broken through the threshold condition of internet popularization. The rapid popularization of Internet promotes the spatial distribution of innovation to be balanced, which creates the condition to get rid of polarization trap. Based on this, this paper puts forward some suggestions for implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development and coordinated regional balanced development from the level of urban agglomerations. Paying attention to the innovation development of central cities to concentrate on breaking through the innovation of key technologies. Taking the development of digital economy as an opportunity, China will optimize the spatial distribution of innovation. By promoting the coordinated development of new-generation information infrastructure, incorporate innovation agents into network-effect mechanisms on a larger geographical scale.